Resource Gathering List

Resources can be found in lockers, containers and from killing enemies.  


Tips:
-when looking for common and uncommon resources, search every locker and container in the map
-when looking for rare resources, do the assasination(boss) missions.
-The "Thieve's Wit" mod displays resource drops in the Mini-map.

Common
Circuits - Venus, Jupiter, Ceres
Ferrite - Mercury, Earth, Neptune
Nano Spores - Saturn, Neptune, Eris
Polymer Bundle - Mercury, Venus, Uranus
Salvage - Mars, Jupiter, Sedna

Uncommon - Usually found in quantities of 10 and above.
Alloy Plate - Venus, Sedna, Ceres, Pluto
Morphics - Mercury, Mars, Pluto, Europa (found in quantities of 1)
Plastids - Saturn, Uranus, Pluto, Eris
Rubedo - Earth, Pluto, Sedna, Europa

Rare ﾖ Found in quantities of 1. Bosses have a much higher chance of dropping them.
Control Module - Neptune
Gallium - Mars, Uranus
Neural Sensors - Jupiter
Neurodes - Earth, Eris
Orokin Cell - Saturn, Ceres. Orokin Cells can also be dropped by any of the bosses, regardless of planet.

Research/Dojo Materials - Used in Dojo research.
Detonite Ampule - Mercury, Saturn, Uranus, Earth, Sedna, Ceres
Fieldron Sample - Venus, Mars, Europa, Neptune, Pluto
Mutagen Sample - Jupiter, Eris

Best planet for rubedo?

I found this on wiki "Rubedo is an uncommon component that can be found on Earth, Pluto, Europa and Sedna regions. It is usually found in quantities of 10 to 50. Although Rubedo is an uncommon resource, most recipes that use it require extremely large amounts, making it the most farmed resource."

Pluto, if your Warframe is strong enough to handle it. I also find it's easier to farm doing solo Extermination runs. That way you have the luxury of opening all containers and enemies are not constantly spawning. Plus, no lag whatsoever!

isnt morphics usually found via quantities of 1 ?

Yup in 1's, but I think it's the only rare mat that has a really high drop rate, it doesn't just drop from bosses, you can also find a lot from containers and lockers plus killed enemies. At one point I had over 50 in my inventory.

you're right. listed as uncommon due to number of planets dropping morphics and frequency. Thanks for pointing that out. editing after this post